A memory researcher asks subjects to memorize a list of words and finds it takes them 30 minutes to do so.

Any steps you take to try and commit something to memory are part of the _____ process

encoding

When you call information for a phone number, but you don’t have a pen to write down the number, which part of your memory must attempt to maintain the number while you look for a pen?

short-term memory

The strategy of grouping bits of information into larger units that are easier to remember is called

chunking

For information stored in long-term memory to be used, it must first be

retrieved

Memories of a vacation spent with your family would be considered

episodic memories

Which of the following is not one of the three types of nondeclarative memories?

information learned in class

A memory researcher asks subjects to memorize a list of words and finds it takes them 30 minutes to do so. Two weeks later, he asks the same subjects to memorize the list of words again, and then they do so in 15 minutes. The percentage of time saved, 50%, is known as the

recognition score

Which of the following techniques is used to measure memory?

all of the above: the relearning method, tests of recall, tests of recognition

According to the serial position effect, which items on a list are least likely to be recalled?

the middle law

Vern had too much to drink. The next day he gets a phone call from a woman he met at the party, but can’t remember her name. According to the state-dependent memory effect, under which condition will Vern most likely remember her name?

when he has a bit too much to drink

An integrated framework about people, objects, and events that is stored in long-term memory is called a

schema

There is a good chance that you remember exactly where you were and exactly what you were doing when you first heard about the attacks on September 11, 2001. Such a vivid memor is called a _____ memory

flashbulb

Jacquez believes that as you get older, memories that haven’t been used will just fade away and disappear. His position is most consistent with which cause of forgetting?

decay theory

David studied French in high school but switched to learning Italian in college. Whenever he tries to speak French, he catches himself instead translating his English phrase into Italian. Why is David forgetting his French?

retroactive interference

Which of the following is not a form of motivated forgetting according to your text?

suppression

Cassie is playing Trivial Pursuit with friends. She is asked and question and knows the answer. However, she becomes frustrated because although she knows the answer she can not retrieve it. What is she experiencing?

tip of the tongue phenomenon

Which of the following hormones has not been related to memory processes, according to your text?

cortisol

Which type of memory is reconstructive?

all of the above: autobiographical, flashbulb, source

While passing on an interesting bit of gossip to a friend, the friend asks where you heard the information. Try as you might, you can’t recall. You have experienced a failure of _____ memory.

semantic

Henry, a college student, has difficulty remembering events from the first few years of his life. This is likely due to

infantile amnesia

Elaborative rehearsal is the best method for remembering complex information like material for this class

True

Recall tasks are typically considered to be easier than recognition tasks.

False

A reconstruction of an event may sometimes be based on inaccurate information

True

Hermann Ebbinghaus conducted the first experimental studies on learning and memory

True

The tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon is an example of retrieval failure

True

The brain structure associated with transfer of information from short-to long-term memory is the amygdala

True

If a person’s hippocampus is damaged, she may be unable to store new information in long-term memory.

True

Your strongest, most long-lasting memories are usually those fueled by your emotions.

True

Research suggests that eyewitness testimony is too unreliable to be considered as evidence in criminal court cases.

False

Repressed memories are controversial in that the event never really occured

False