The philosophical foundation of Korean music is often likened to the ancient principle of ûmyang-ohaeng, “two ways and five roads,”

The philosophical foundation of Korean music is often likened to the ancient principle of ûmyang-ohaeng, “two ways and five roads,” i.e., two complimentary axles transacting with five universal elements. Which of the following doesn't belong in the five elemental symbolism?
Air

Nonghyôn is an important aspect of Korean musical performance. Its vibrato-like movements harmonize different musical qualities. Select the pair least related to the musical balancing of nonghyôn.
high and low

Opera by Latin American composers during the 18th century was:
European in outlook

The first opera in the New World was produced in:
Lima

The word term “samba” originally referred to the choreography of certain circle dances from:
Angola and the Congo

African influences in Latin America have long been felt. Choose the element that is uncharacteristic of African music:
Simple rhythms

Much of our understanding of indigenous Latin American instruments comes from:
All of the above

Which of the following statements about the the Catholic rite is NOT correct?
It is musically simple and straightforward.

Which of the following is a favorite instrument in the Andean region?
Panpipe

[music - 05:09]
The music example above represents:
One of the first polyphonic pieces published in the New World

The first opera performed in the New World, La púrpura de la rosa (The Blood of the Rose) (1701), was composed by:
Tomás de Torrejón y Velasco

The African presence in Latin America has been most strongly felt in:
Brazil

After independence in 1825, Bolivian musical life:
Lacked both resources and an educational infrastructure

Which of the following composers alludes to the novel Love in the Time of Cholera by Gabriel García Márquez in one of his operas:
Daniel Catán

The Peruvian huayno can also be heard in other Latin American countries. Which of the following is NOT a country in which the huayno would be heard:
Northern Venezuela

In the nineteenth century, the verses of the corridos came from:
Large fliers that transmitted the news of the day

The cumbia is from the:
Atlantic coast of Colombia

Amerindian instruments used in the cumbia are:
maracas and gaitas

Christmas music in Latin America today is likely be the same music used in the U.S. to entice shoppers at holiday time.
True

Which of the following was NOT a 20th century composer who sought refuge in Argentina or Mexico from political conditions in Europe:
Alberto Williams

Which composer used the Mexican son in the third section of his Homage to Federico García Lorca?
Silvestre Revueltas

In the early part of the twentieth century, many Argentine composers were motivated by:
Nationalistic feeling