Briefly indicate the manner in which organizational behavior can help you deal with the fact that, on average, you are likely to change jobs 10 times in 20 years.

 ______________ is the strength of a relationship between two variables.

(Correlation)

118. A single observation is ________, multiple observations are ________.

(datum, data)

119. Maria wonders what the emotional impact of all the downsizing in the auto industry is on the employees. She has made arrangements to interview a dozen employees who have just been downsized from Ford Motor Company. Maria is conducting a ______ _______.

(field study)

120. The downside of a ______ __________ is that it may not be generalizable from the single situation to other situations and organizations.

(case study)

121. As job satisfaction increases, so does job performance. This is an example of the ________ between two variables.

(correlation)

122. Applying ethical principles to situations that arise at work is _________ ___________.

(business ethics)

123. Alexander is enthused about his firm and consistently uses his talents to further the organization’s success. Alexander is an example of a(n) _____________ employee.

(engaged)

124. ___________________ says computing power doubles every two years.

(Moore’s law)

125. The triple bottom line refers to evaluating organizations against the three performance criteria of __________, ___________, and ___________ viability.

(economic, social and environmental)

126. Because Wal-Mart is concerned about _________ ________ practices, it is pressuring suppliers to produce compact fluorescent light bulbs and has required all suppliers to make packages smaller.

(sustainable business)

127. The American workforce is _______, which will create opportunities for industries like health care but, at the same time, will create challenges for industries dedicated to basic infrastructure.

(aging)

128. Dell Computer has a number of customer service representatives located in India who take calls from U.S. computer owners experiencing computer problems. This arrangement is an example of ______________.

(offshoring)

129. The ______ ________ is an organization comprised of one-third regular employees, one-third temporary employees and one-third consultants or contractors.

(shamrock organization)

SHORT ANSWERS

130. Briefly indicate the manner in which organizational behavior can help you deal with the fact that, on average, you are likely to change jobs 10 times in 20 years.

The number of job changes the average student will go through makes it necessary for all employees to be life-long learners. Organizational behavior will help develop critical thinking skills that will help you diagnose situations, ask tough questions, evaluate the resulting answers and act in an effective and ethical manner regardless of situational characteristics.

131. Identify each of the levels of analysis in organizational behavior and give an example of each.

The first level is that of the individual. When I am examining my personality to assess how I handle ambiguity and how flexible I am, I am using individual analysis.

The second level is the group level. When I look at how my decision on a topic changes because of who I am working with on a project, I am performing group analysis.

Finally, the third level is the organization level. When I look at the dress policy of my company and how it impacts what I wear to work on a daily basis, I am performing organization analysis.

IBM has always been a pioneer in valuing and appreciating diversity in its workforce. Which of the following is NOT a program IBM

Which of the following statements regarding demographic diversity and ethics is correct?

a. Younger employees are more upset by unethical behaviors than older employees.

b. When judging the ethicality of hypothetical situations, women and men use similar standards when judging the ethicality of monetary issues.

c. Younger employees tend to find negotiation tactics like bluffing to be more unethical than their older counterparts.

d. Men and women have similar standards when judging the ethicality of breaking organizational rules.

(b) Medium/Evaluation

116. Which of the following statements regarding cultural diversity and ethics is correct?

a. In a study, Koreans suggested that being ethical was compatible with being profitable.

b. In a study, American subjects viewed environmental damage as more ethical than their Korean or Indian counterparts.

c. In a study, Americans viewed an auditing company sharing a client’s auditing information with another client as more ethical than Russians subjects did.

d. In a study, Korean and Indian subjects found software piracy and nepotism less ethical than American subjects did.

(b) Medium/Evaluation

117. Which of the following statements about demographic diversity around the world is INCORRECT?

a. In Japan, women face less of a glass ceiling than in the United States.

b. In France, a study indicated that resumes with French-sounding names were more likely to get interviews than those with North-African–sounding names.

c. Japan is a relatively homogeneous society.

d. Overt sexism against women is rampant in Japan

(a) Medium/Evaluation

Closing Section: Managing Diversity for Success: The Case of IBM

118. IBM has always been a pioneer in valuing and appreciating diversity in its workforce. Which of the following is NOT a program IBM instituted before legislation or public policy dictated it?

a. gender pay equity

b. women in executive positions

c. family leave for all female employees

d. executive training programs for women

(d) Medium/Evaluation

119. Prior to 1993, IBM managed diversity by

a. ignoring differences and providing equal employment opportunities.

b. minimizing differences and emphasizing similarities.

c. emphasizing differences and opportunities.

d. minimizing differences as deficiency and highlighting differences as opportunities.

(a) Difficult/Evaluation

120. Which of the following was NOT a challenge that the IBM diversity task force on women found to be a concern?

a. lack of networking opportunities

b. lack of equal pay opportunities

c. presence of a male-dominated culture

d. work/life management challenges

(b) Medium/Comprehension

121. Which of the following was NOT a challenge that the IBM diversity task force on Asian employees found to be a concern?

a. stereotyping

b. limited employee development plans

c. work life management challenges

d. lack of networking

(c) Medium/Comprehension

122. Which of the following was a challenge that the IBM diversity task force on African American employees found to be a concern?

a. work/life management challenges

b. lack of networking

c. insufficient health plan coverage

d. lack of participation in decision making

(b) Medium/Comprehension

123. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about IBM’s approach to diversity management?

a. IBM is interested in measuring the success of its diversity management programs as they believe that presence of these programs, rather than an emphasis on results, shows its commitment to diversity.

b. IBM has an excellent recruiting program for increasing its pool of diversity candidates.

c. IBM’s diversity recruiting often faces major hurdles due to the limited minority representation in the computer science and engineering fields.

d. IBM’s diversity task forces consist of senior and higher level management charged with understanding the eight identified diversity constituencies.

(a) Difficult/Comprehension

124. Which of the following statements regarding diversity in the American workforce is INCORRECT?

a. Individuals of African American, Hispanic and Asian backgrounds constitute roughly thirty percent of the American workforce.

b. Women constitute almost half of the American workforce.

c. Increasing numbers of young people are flooding the labor markets.

d. Sixteen percent of the American workforce is foreign-born.